Input Output Devices

Input Output Devices

Input Output Devices

Input Devices

The input unit is responsible for accepting input, i.e., data and instructions from the user. This work is accomplished with the help of input devices. Device, in general, refers to equipment.

Let’s learn more about some most common input devices.

The Keyboard

A keyboard is a typewriter like device which is used to type in the letters, digits and cpmmands. A keyboard contains a matrix of switches (one switch per key) that, when pressed, sends a digital code to the computer that determines which key has been pressed.

Input Output Devices

The Mouse

A mouse is pointing device that points to a position on a computer screen. Mouse controls movement of pointer (also called the mouse pointer) on the screen. When a mouse moves on a flat surface, the mouse’s movement. A mouse generally has two or three buttons and it may or may not have a wheel.

Microphone (Mic)

We can send sound input to the computer through a special input device called microphone or mic for short. A mic converts the sound received into a computer’s format, which is called digitized sound or digital audio.

A mic can work if your computer has a special hardware known as a sound card.

Introduction of Computer Hardware

Scanner

A scanner is a device similar to a photocopier. A scanner creates an electronic form of the printed image, which can later be manipulated, changed and modified according to the requirements. Scanners come in a variety of sizes, from hand-held models to desktop models, as discussed below :

Introduction of Computer Hardware

(i) Hand-held Scanners are very small and can be held in one hand.

(ii) Flatbed Scanners are larger and more expensive scanners but they definitely create higher quality images. These scanners have a flat surface on which the printed image to be scanned is placed.

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(iii) Drum Scanners are medium-size scanners with a rolling drum. The sheet is fed through the scanners so that the drum rolls over the entire sheet to be scanned.

Concept keyboard

On a concept keyboard, keys have a specific dedicated function. An example would be in a restaurant where there is a key for each different food item that might be bought.

Touch screens

A touch screen can detect where on the screen surface you are touching. Touch screens are often used in mobile devices such as phones and tablets where you would not have space for a traditional keyboard.

Barcode Reader

A barcode reader is used to read barcodes which can be found on products in shops. The barcode uses lasers to identify the position and thickness of the bars.

Magnetic Stripe Reader

A magnetic stripe can be found on the backs of many credit cards, security cards for hotel rooms to gain access to rooms.

Data is encoded magnetically on the strip and read by a machine as it is swiped.

Input Output Devices

Other input devices are :

OMR (Optical Mark Reader): that can read marks at designated positions such as the OMR sheets you use to answer questions on a multiple choice exam paper or survey ;

OCR (Optical Character Reader): that can scan a printed document and convert it into editable text.

MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Reader): that can read the magnetized ink characters as you can see on bank cheques.

Light Pen A light-sensitive input device shaped like a pen, used to draw on the computer screen or to make menu selections.

Input Output Devices

Output Devices

The output unit is responsible for producing the output in user readable form. Various output devices like monitor (also called VDU i.e., Visual Display Unit), printer, plotter, speakers etc. make the output unit of a computer.

The function of an output device is to present processed data to the user. The computer sends output to the monitor if the user needs to see the output.

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Monitors

Monitor (or ”screen”) is the most common form of output from a computer. It displays information in a similar way to that shown on a television screen. The picture on a monitor is made up of thousands of tiny coloured dots called pixels.

Printer

A printer is an output device that converts digital text and images into physical copies on paper. It is widely used in offices, schools, and homes for printing documents, photos, and reports.

Introduction of Computer Hardware

Speakers

Speakers are audio output devices that produce sound from the computer. They are commonly used for entertainment, communication, and accessibility purposes. High-quality speakers provide clear and immersive sound, making them essential for music, movies, and gaming.

Introduction of Computer Hardware

Projector

A projector takes digital visual data from a computer and displays it on a large screen or wall. It is widely used in classrooms, business meetings, and home theaters. Modern projectors support HD and 4K resolution, offering clear and vibrant images.

Introduction of Computer Hardware

Headphones

Headphones are personal audio output devices that allow users to listen to sound without disturbing others. They are commonly used for online meetings, gaming, and entertainment. Advanced noise-canceling headphones provide an immersive experience by blocking external noise.

Introduction of Computer Hardware

Plotter

A plotter is a specialized printer used to create large-scale graphics such as architectural plans, blueprints, and engineering drawings. Unlike normal printers, plotters use pens or blades to draw precise designs on paper or other materials.

Other Output devices are :

Braille Display: A Braille display is an assistive output device that helps visually impaired users read digital text. It converts on-screen text into Braille characters using small moving pins. These devices are essential for accessibility and inclusion in the digital world.

GPS Device: A GPS (Global Positioning System) device provides location-based output. It processes satellite signals and displays maps, directions, and location data on the screen. GPS devices are used in smartphones, vehicles, and navigation systems.

LED Indicators: LED (Light Emitting Diode) indicators are simple output devices used in computers, routers, and appliances to show system status. For example, a blinking LED on a laptop charger indicates whether the battery is charging or full.

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VR Headset:A Virtual Reality (VR) headset is an advanced output device that provides an immersive 3D experience. It is used in gaming, education, and simulations. VR headsets work by displaying two images separately for each eye, creating a sense of depth and realism.

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